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In dynamical systems, like gas turbines, transition phases occur after a change in the input control signal. The domain knowledge about the steepness of these transitions can potentially help with the modeling of such systems using the data science approaches. There already exist TGDS approaches that use the information about the limits of the values. However it is currently not clear how to incorporate the information about the steepness of the transitions with them.

In this thesis, we develop three different TGDS approaches to include these transition constraints in recurrent neural networks (RNNs) to improve the modeling of input-output behavior of dynamical systems. We evaluate the approaches on synthetic and real time series data by varying data availability and different degrees of steepness. We conclude that the TGDS approaches are especially helpful for flat transitions and provide a guideline on how to use the available transition constraints in real world problems. Finally, we discuss the required degree of domain knowledge and intellectual implementation effort of each approach.

While some approaches use additional information about the current state of the environment, bandit algorithms tend to ignore domain knowledge that can’t be extracted from data. It is not clear how to incorporate domain knowledge into bandit algorithms and how much improvement this yields.

In this masters thesis we propose two ways to augment bandit algorithms with domain knowledge: a push approach, which influences the distribution of arms to deal with non-stationarity as well as a group approach, which propagates feedback between similar arms. We conduct synthetic and real world experiments to examine the usefulness of our approaches. Additionally we evaluate the effect of incomplete and incorrect domain knowledge. We show that the group approach helps to reduce exploration time, especially for small number of iterations and plays, and that the push approach outperforms contextual and non-contextual baselines for large context spaces.

In unserer Arbeit stellen wir einen Ansatz vor, der aus einer gegebenen repräsentativen Benchmark eine kleinere Teilmenge wählt, die als repräsentative Benchmark dienen soll. Wir definieren dabei, dass eine Benchmark repräsentativ ist, wenn der Graph der Laufzeiten ein festgelegtes Ähnlichkeitsmaß gegenüber der ursprünglichen Benchmark überschreitet. Wir haben hierbei einen BeamSearch-Algorithmus erforscht. Am Ende stellen wir allerdings fest, dass eine zufällige Auswahl besser ist und eine zufällige Auswahl von 10 % der Instanzen ausreicht, um eine repräsentative Benchmark zu liefern.

We extend an existing data flow diagram approach with our concept of trust. Our approach of adding knowledge to a software architecture model and providing a way to analyze model instances for access control violations shall enable software architects to increase the quality of models and further verify access control requirements under uncertainty. We evaluate the applicability based on the availability, the accuracy and the scalability regarding the execution time.

For many explainers this proposed reasoning gives us more information about the inner workings of the model or even about the training data. Since data privacy is becoming an important issue the question arises whether explainers can leak private data. It is unclear what private data can be obtained from different kinds of explanation. In this thesis I adapt three privacy attacks in machine learning to the field of XAI: model extraction, membership inference and training data extraction. The different kinds of explainers are sorted into these categories argumentatively and I present specific use cases how an attacker can obtain private data from an explanation. I demonstrate membership inference and training data extraction for two specific explainers in experiments. Thus, privacy can be breached with the help of explainers.